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| A: The most popular places to discuss bhyve are the {{{freebsd-virtualization@freebsd.org}}} [[ http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-virtualization | mailing list ]] and the {{{#bhyve}}} channel on [[ http://freenode.net/irc_servers.shtml | freenode.net ]]. | A: The most popular places to discuss bhyve are the {{{freebsd-virtualization@freebsd.org}}} [[ http://lists.freebsd.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-virtualization | mailing list ]] and the {{{#bhyve}}} channel on irc.libera.chat. |
bhyve, the BSD Hypervisor
bhyve, pronounced "beehive" is a hypervisor/virtual machine manager for FreeBSD that supports most Intel and AMD processors that report the "POPCNT" (POPulation Count) processor feature in dmesg(8).
Most Intel Atom C2000, Celeron, Core i3, i5, i7 and related Xeon processors support bhyve but early "Core" processors may only support one virtual machine.
Most "Barcelona" class and newer AMD processors support bhyve but some, notably the "Kuma" core processors include POPCNT but lack the required "NRIPS" (Next RIP Save) feature.
Contents
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bhyve, the BSD Hypervisor
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bhyve Frequently Asked Questions
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General Questions
- Q: Is it "bhyve", "Bhyve", "BHyVe" or BHyve?
- Q: How do I configure bhyve and install a VM operating system?
- Q: Could bhyve be ported to other operating systems?
- Q: What VM operating systems does bhyve support?
- Q: What does bhyve "look" like?
- Q: What is the easiest way to try bhyve?
- Q: What is required to support Graphical UEFI and operating systems like Microsoft Windows?
- Q: Does libvirt support bhyve?
- Q: Are there other frameworks for bhyve?
- Q: Can I run multiple bhyve hosts under VMware nested VT-x EPT?
- Q: Can I run multiple bhyve hosts under Linux KVM with nested VT-x EPT?
- Q: Can I run bhyve and VirtualBox on FreeBSD at the same time?
- Q: Do VirtualBox or Hyper-V support nested VT-x EPT?
- Q: Does Debian GNU/kFreeBSD support bhyve?
- Q: Can I use disk images from VirtualBox or other virtualization platforms on bhyve?
- Q: What about OmniOS support?
- Technical Questions
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Troubleshooting
- Q: What will I see if my CPU does not support EPT?
- Q: What will I see if EPT is disabled in BIOS?
- Q: What will I see if a VM name is over 31 characters long?
- Q: Why does my system appear to stop booting just after "Starting background file system checks in 60 seconds."?
- Q: What is the string I need to add to "/etc/ttys" for older versions of FreeBSD?"
- Q: Why won't vmrun.sh VMs archived with tar?
- Q: Why can't I network VMs over a wireless host interface?
- Q: Why does mounting my FreeBSD with ZFS on root VM fail with "error 45" when "Mounting from zfs:" ?
- Q: Why does my VM fail with "vm_run error -1, errno 25" ?
- Q: Are there any debugging options for bhyve?
- Q: Why can't my nested VMs reach the network?
- Participation
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General Questions
- bhyve Presentations
- bhyve Activities
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bhyve Frequently Asked Questions
bhyve Frequently Asked Questions
General Questions
Q: Is it "bhyve", "Bhyve", "BHyVe" or BHyve?
A: The developers mercifully retired "BHyVe" and simply refer to it as "bhyve", after the utility.
Q: How do I configure bhyve and install a VM operating system?
A: Begin with the FreeBSD Handbook chapter and manual page.
Q: Could bhyve be ported to other operating systems?
Yes. See the xhyve, Pluribus Netvisor, and bhyve in Illumos-based distributions efforts.
Q: What VM operating systems does bhyve support?
A: bhyve supports any version of FreeBSD i386/amd64 with VirtIO support. OpenBSD, NetBSD and GNU/Linux are supported using the sysutils/grub2-bhyve port. UEFI support is available for FreeBSD, OpenBSD, GNU/Linux, SmartOS and Windows:
- FreeBSD 8.4-RELEASE and newer, including CURRENT
- OpenBSD amd64/i386 5.2 and newer
- GNU/Linux amd64/i386 (Many distributions)
- NetBSD amd64 6.1 and newer
- SmartOS 20151001 and newer
- Windows x64 Vista, 7, 8, 10
- Windows Server 2008r2, 2012r2, 2016
Tested GNU/Linux distributions include:
- CentOS/RHEL 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5 and 7.0
- Debian 6.0.7, 7.0, 7.6 netinstall i386/amd64
- Fedora 20
- openSUSE 12.3 and 13.1 amd64
- Ubuntu Server 10.04, 12.04, 13.04, 14.04, 14.10, 15.04, 15.10, 16.04 i386/amd64
See the grub2-bhyve page for detailed sysutils/grub2-bhyve instructions and for best results use FreeBSD CURRENT with the -w bhyve flag.
Q: What does bhyve "look" like?
To load a FreeBSD kernel from disk image vm0.img with 256M RAM and the name vm0:
/usr/sbin/bhyveload -m 256 -d ./vm0.img vm0
This will show the FreeBSD loader screen and you should see the device /dev/vmm/vm0
To boot the VM with 2 vCPUs, the same 256M RAM and the tap0 network interface:
/usr/sbin/bhyve -c 2 -m 256 -A -H -P \ -s 0:0,hostbridge \ -s 1:0,virtio-net,tap0 \ -s 2:0,ahci-hd,./vm0.img \ -s 31,lpc -l com1,stdio \ vm0
After the VM has been shutdown, its resources can be reclaimed with:
/usr/sbin/bhyvectl --destroy --vm=vm0
Q: What is the easiest way to try bhyve?
The included method booting FreeBSD virtual machines is the /usr/share/examples/bhyve/vmrun.sh script:
fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/snapshots/VM-IMAGES/11.0-STABLE/amd64/Latest/FreeBSD-11.0-STABLE-amd64.raw.xz unxz FreeBSD-11.0-STABLE-amd64.raw.xz sudo sh /usr/share/examples/bhyve/vmrun.sh -d FreeBSD-11.0-STABLE-amd64.raw vm0
FreeNAS also offers a graphical bhyve management interface: http://www.freenas.org/
Q: What is required to support Graphical UEFI and operating systems like Microsoft Windows?
See the bhyve/UEFI and bhyve Windows Virtual Machines wiki pages.
Q: Does libvirt support bhyve?
A: Yes
Q: Are there other frameworks for bhyve?
A: There is vmrc among others, a search of Github will reveal several.
Q: Can I run multiple bhyve hosts under VMware nested VT-x EPT?
A: Yes, but you must enable it: look for the GUI or vhv.allow or vhv.enable options, depending on your version of VMware. VMware Fusion: Processors & Memory: Advanced options: Enable hypervisor applications in this virtual machine
Confirmed with VMware Workstation, VMware Player, VMware Fusion and ESXi. Note that you must stop all running VMs before you can enable EPT pass-through.
Q: Can I run multiple bhyve hosts under Linux KVM with nested VT-x EPT?
A: Maybe. You must enable it and note the known limitations. Please let us know if you are successful.
Q: Can I run bhyve and VirtualBox on FreeBSD at the same time?
A: No. See this thread for more information.
Q: Do VirtualBox or Hyper-V support nested VT-x EPT?
A: VirtualBox does not, but Hyper-V has nested EPT available to Windows Insiders.
Q: Does Debian GNU/kFreeBSD support bhyve?
Q: Can I use disk images from VirtualBox or other virtualization platforms on bhyve?
A: bhyve does not currently support reading foreign disk image formats directly, so one will have to convert existing disk images to a raw image using qemu-img. This can be accomplished by doing the following on a FreeBSD system:
$ pkg install qemu-devel $ qemu-img convert -f vmdk -O raw virtual_box_image.vmdk bhyve_raw_image.img
VMDK, QCOW, QCOW2, VDI and more images can be converted to raw images using the qemu-img(1) utility in the emulators/qemu-devel port.
Q: What about OmniOS support?
A: See bhyve/OmniOS.
Technical Questions
Q: What comprises bhyve?
A: The vmm.ko loadable kernel module, the libvmmapi library, the bhyve, bhyveload and bhyvectl utilities.
In total these binaries are under 500K in size.
Q: Does bhyve support VT-d PCI device pass-through?
A: Yes, on Intel CPUs. See bhyve/pci_passthru.
Q: Does bhyve support AHCI devices?
A: Yes, and they provide non-blocking I/O for higher performance. CD: -s 4,ahci-cd,/path/to/image.iso HD: -s 4,ahci-hd,/path/to/disk.img
Q: Does bhyve have an "out-of-band"/"lights-out management" serial console?
A: Yes, and it can be accessed several ways including as a nmdm nullmodem terminal or a pty. stdio output can also be sent to a terminal multiplexer like tmux or screen. Example nmdm syntax is:
-s 31,lpc -l com1,stdio Becomes: -s 31,lpc -l com1,nmdm0A Before starting the VM, run: kldload nmdm Start the VM but note that it will not display any output when booted. Connect to the serial interface with: cu -l /dev/nmdm0B -s 9600
Notes: A is connected to B nmdmN is a a 32 bit unsigned integer so you have plenty to use. ptys can be created with socat. This functionality is included in the FreeBSD 10.0 release.
Q: Is there any way to determine if an OS is virtualized?
A: Yes, the kern.vm_guest sysctl will report if a FreeBSD guest is under KVM or bhyve.
Q: Where are the sources?
A: The source is in FreeBSD SVN source repository: sys/amd64/vmm/, usr.sbin/bhyve/, usr.sbin/bhyveload/, usr.sbin/bhyvectl/, and lib/libvmmapi/
Troubleshooting
Q: What will I see if my CPU does not support EPT?
# kldload vmm vmx_init: processor does not support VMX operation module_register_init: MOD_LOAD (vmm, 0xffffffff81e17169, 0) error 6
Q: What will I see if EPT is disabled in BIOS?
# sh /usr/share/examples/bhyve/vmrun.sh ... Launching virtual machine "... vm_create: Device not configured
Q: What will I see if a VM name is over 31 characters long?
vmcreate: Invalid argument
Q: Why does my system appear to stop booting just after "Starting background file system checks in 60 seconds."?
A: This indicates that your /etc/ttys is not properly configured for serial output for use with bhyve.
Q: What is the string I need to add to "/etc/ttys" for older versions of FreeBSD?"
ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire.9600" vt100 on secure
Q: Why won't vmrun.sh VMs archived with tar?
A: vmrun.sh creates disk images using the truncate(1) command and as per the tar(1) manual page, "There is not yet any support for multi-volume archives or for archiving sparse files."
Q: Why can't I network VMs over a wireless host interface?
A: Access points cannot determine the destination VMs and only see the host.
Q: Why does mounting my FreeBSD with ZFS on root VM fail with "error 45" when "Mounting from zfs:" ?
A: You are probably attempting to boot an older version of FreeBSD on a zpool that you created with a newer version of FreeBSD and the available ZFS features are not available. A safe set of features to use with FreeBSD 9.2 and 10.0 are:
zpool create -d -o feature@async_destroy=enabled -o feature@empty_bpobj=enabled -o feature@lz4_compress=enabled -o ...
Q: Why does my VM fail with "vm_run error -1, errno 25" ?
A: This can happen if your kernel and world are out of sync.
Q: Are there any debugging options for bhyve?
A: Yes: The gdb interface.
Q: Why can't my nested VMs reach the network?
A: The bottom most hypervisor needs to run the virtual interface in promiscuous mode in order for packets destined for an ethernet address other than that of the first level guest to be received by the virtual interface.
Enabling Promiscuous mode in VMWare ESX
Participation
Q: Is there a mailing list or IRC channel?
A: The most popular places to discuss bhyve are the freebsd-virtualization@freebsd.org mailing list and the #bhyve channel on irc.libera.chat.
Q: How can I help?
A: First and foremost, by testing bhyve on your unique hardware and in every configuration you can imagine. There could easily be remaining bugs and it is in everyone's best interests for these to be resolved ASAP.
If you think you have an issue, considering asking about it on IRC. If you know you have an issue, consider posting it on the FreeBSD Virtualization mailing list.
Testing ideas:
- High vCPU numbers
- High RAM allocations
- High CPU, network and storage loads
- Every piece of compatible hardware you can find
- PCI pass-through with every device you can find
- Every storage strategy you can think of including ZVOLs and iSCSI targets
- Watch for clock drift
- Test every possible VM OS
- Countless things only you will think of!
Q: How do I report a panic?
A: If your host or VM panics and enters the debugger, the information you provide can be very useful for revealing and reproducing bugs. Typing "bt" at the debugger will produce a backtrace and "show thread" on various hex strings may yield more. Please capture this information and use your best judgement in sending it to the bhyve developers or the freebsd-virtualization mailing list. If in doubt, I am happy to relay reports (address below).
Do consider using the sysutils/panicmail port with bhyve.
bhyve Presentations
MeetBSD 2016 - Michael Dexter: Life of bhyve - YouTube
BSDNow Episode 149 - Interview with Michael Dexter - Podcast
bhyvecon Tokyo 2016 - Kris Moore: An introduction to the PC-BSD sysadm/bhyve API - PDF
bhyvecon Tokyo 2016 - Mike Larkin: OpenBSD vmm Update - PDF
bhyvecon Tokyo 2016 - Reyk Floeter: OpenBSD vmd Update - PDF
bhyvecon Tokyo 2016 - Mihai Carabas: bhyve/ARM Update - PDF
bhyvecon Tokyo 2016 - Roger Pau Monné: FreeBSD Xen x86/ARM Update - PDF
EuroBSDcon 2015 - FreeBSD Virtualisation Options YouTube
vBSDcon 2015 - FreeBSD Virtualization Options and BoF YouTube
BSDCan 2015 - FreeBSD Virtualization Options and BoF Schedule
bhyvecon Tokyo 2015 - What's new in bhyve by Peter Grehan - PDF
- bhyvecon Tokyo 2015 - An Introduction to bhyveucl by Allan Jude
bhyvecon Tokyo 2015 - Xen virtualization on FreeBSD by Roger Pau Monné - PDF
bhyvecon Tokyo 2014 - bhyve past, present, future - PDF - YouTube
bhyvecon Tokyo 2014 - bhyve Provisioning and Monitoring - PDF - YouTube
bhyvecon Tokyo 2014 - Depenguinating Your Infrastructure - PDF - YouTube
bhyvecon Tokyo 2014 - Introduction to Qubes OS - PDF - YouTube
BAFUG March 2014 - Jenkins and bhyve
AsiaBSDCon 2014 - Nested Paging in bhyve
FOSDEM 2014 - What's new in FreeBSD 10? YouTube
BSDNow Episode 020 - bhyve Mind Podcast
CapBUG - Live Demo
Sysadmin #5 in Paris - PDF
OpenFest 2013 - bhyve - the BSD hypervisor http://openfest.org/schedule/ - PDF - YouTube
EuroBSDcon 2013 - FreeBSD bhyve Hypervisor hosting Other Systems Schedule - PDF
TechSNAP 111 - BSDCan Recap Podcast
BSDCan 2013 - Hands-On bhyve, the BSD Hypervisor Schedule - PDF
AsiaBSDCon 2013 - Hands-On bhyve, the BSD Hypervisor http://2013.asiabsdcon.org/timetable.html - PDF
AsiaBSDCon 2013 - Implements BIOS emulation support for BHyVe: A BSD Hypervisor Schedule
bhyve on BSDTalk - MP3 and OGG
FOSDEM 2013 - BSD devroom talk - PDF
MeetBSD California 2012 - PDF
BSDCan 2012 - BSD Multiplicity Schedule
bhyve Activities
Office Hours Monthly Meeting